Effect of pre-ground improvement method during shallow NATM tunnel excavations under unconsolidated conditions




Effect of pre-ground improvement method during shallow NATM tunnel excavations under unconsolidated conditions


Kiyoshi Kishida; Yu-Jun Cui


18th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (Paris)



Technical Committee 204 Underground Construction in Soft Ground



Tunneling, Ground Improvement, Deep Excavations