Parameters controlling leakage through composite liners with either a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) or compacted clay liner (CCL) are established through a calibration exercise and found to provide a good description of observed leakage through the primary liner of a double-lined system both with and without a leak location survey. In contrast, the leakage through the secondary liner of the Ontario double-liner system is very small with the use of a GCL and substantially lower than with a single-liner system, for both a GCL and CCL as part of a composite liner.
9th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics (ICEG2023)
Engineered Barriers