The HZ®-M wall system is a retaining wall solution commonly applied in marine structures (ports and waterways) and structures subjected to high water pressure loading (dry docks and cofferdams). This system is a combined wall system composed of special H-shaped piles (king piles - main bending resistance element) and intermediary sheet piles (secondary piles normally considered as filling elements to transfer loads to the king piles). Current design water pressure resistances for systems without driving imperfections in normal (compression) direction are available based on previous research. This paper presents a comprehensive study on a numerical modelling technique to properly estimate the water pressure resistance of HZ®-M walls subjected to water pressure, with or without driving imperfections, following the recommendations of the new generation of Eurocodes on design based numerical analysis. The strain-based and stability-based approaches are addressed. The validation and accuracy of the numerical results are further presented to demonstrate the reliability of the technique.
10th European Conference on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering (NUMGE2023)
2. Finite element, finite difference, discrete element, material point and other methods