Stability of Reinforced Earthen Dams: Insights from Centrifuge Model Tests

B. V. S. Viswanadham; P. Kumar

Publication Title
Stability of Reinforced Earthen Dams: Insights from Centrifuge Model Tests

Abstract

In the present study, the performance of a small-scale reinforced earthen dam with upstream water impoundment was investigated using geotechnical centrifuge modeling. The model, representing a prototype dam height of 7.2 meters, was tested at 40g to evaluate the effect of reinforcement (length-to-height, L_R/H ratio = 0.5) on overall stability and seepage behavior, in comparison with an unreinforced counterpart. While both models had identical horizontal drainage provisions, the reinforcement length was varied to isolate their effects under static hydrostatic loading conditions. The model dams were instrumented with porewater pressure transducers (PPTs) and linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) to monitor internal pore pressures and surface settlements, respectively, during reservoir filling, steady seepage, and inertial loading. Seismic demand was simulated using a tilt-induced pseudostatic inertial loading approach, representing a first-order approximation of earthquake-induced body forces. Front-view images of the models were recorded using an onboard digital camera, and processed to quantify slope deformations and surface displacements over time. The model with reinforcement achieved a more stable hydraulic regime and maintained structural integrity throughout the test. The study highlights the critical role of reinforcement layers in improving the static performance and pseudostatic seismic stability of earthen dams and provides valuable insights for the design of safer and more resilient embankment structures.

Authors
B. V. S. Viswanadham; P. Kumar

Published In

11th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics (ICPMG2026)

Theme

Session 4: Sustainability in geotechnical systems