A ground modelling framework for offshore wind farm developments

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4. A ground modelling framework for offshore wind farm developments

Alignment between stakeholders on a ground modelling framework for offshore wind farm developments would improve consistency, quality, and efficiency of ground models. This will result in more effective management and mitigation of geo-engineering risk, and through targeted reduction of uncertainty of ground conditions provides the project with geo-engineering optimisation and performance opportunities. This paper proposes a framework that can be referenced by all project stakeholders, i.e., Clients, Consultants, Contractors and Certifiers. The framework consists of definition, purpose, terminology, content & structure, and deliverables. Key threads are emphasised, including expertise, data types, data integration, and uncertainty. The purpose of ground modelling is framed against geo-engineering performance criteria and alignment is sought on the use of key terms. A pyramid is used to convey the content and structure of the ground model, and deliverables are clearly distinguished. The various geo-expertise required to build robust ground models are highlighted and their roles explained. The different data types associated with the 3G's (Geological, Geophysical, Geotechnical) of ground modelling are introduced, and options for data integration are clarified and presented in the context of project cost-benefit. The various elements of uncertainty are identified, and appropriate phasing and scoping of data acquisition is highlighted to reduce uncertainty in ground conditions in step with progression of project geo-engineering.

5th International Symposium on Frontiers in Offshore Geotechnics (ISFOG2025)

4 - Ground models