Validation and analysis of semi-empirical methods using correlations between the Menard Pressuremeter Test (PMT) and the (SPT) Standard Penetration Test for liquefaction assessment via finite

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4. Validation and analysis of semi-empirical methods using correlations between the Menard Pressuremeter Test (PMT) and the (SPT) Standard Penetration Test for liquefaction assessment via finite

Since the 1964 Niigata and Alaska earthquakes, soil liquefaction has become a critical concern in geotechnical engineering. This study investigates the liquefaction susceptibility of a site 3 km south of Tétouan, in the Western Rif region of northern Morocco, known for its seismic activity per RPS 2011. The analysis uses a combination of semi-empirical methods and numerical modeling, correlating Ménard Pressuremeter Test (PMT) and Standard Penetration Test (SPT) results. Liquefaction potential (LP) is evaluated using cyclic stress-based approaches from Youd et al. (2001) and Idriss et al. (2004), supported by simulations using the UBC3D-PLM model. Findings reveal high liquefaction susceptibility in sandy marl layers at 45 m and 15.517.5 m depths, with LP values ranging from 0.65 to 0.85, indicating strong likelihood. Slightly gravelly sand layers between 5 and 12 m show LP > 0.85, suggesting near-certain liquefaction. Conversely, greyish sandy marl (24 m and 17.519.5 m) and greyish slightly gravelly sand (1215.5 m) display moderate LP values between 0.35 and 0.65, reflecting uncertain liquefaction potential. Layers deeper than 19.5 m show very low susceptibility (PL < 0.15).Overall, semi-empirical and numerical results align closely, though some intermediate layers present uncertainty. The study highlights the Ménard pressuremeter test as a valuable and dependable tool for assessing liquefaction risk, especially through boundary pressure correlations. Its integration is highly recommended in geotechnical evaluations for construction and land development in seismically active zones.

Keywords: Liquefaction potential; Menard pressuremeter test (PMT); Standard penetrometer test (SPT); Semi-Empirical Methods.

8th International Symposium on Pressuremeters (ISP2025)

Pressuremeter Testing Techniques and procedures