It has recently been demonstrated that stress functions form the underlying basis of the slip-line form of the upper bound theorem of plasticity. This insight enables the development of novel hybrid methods combining the benefits of discontinuity layout optimization/meshless methods and finite element approaches. In this paper the approach is illustrated through a worked example. The theoretical relationship between limit equilibrium, and limit analysis upper and lower bound solutions is also discussed.
10th European Conference on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering (NUMGE2023)
2. Finite element, finite difference, discrete element, material point and other methods